Thesis

The research entitled " EFFECT OF PRE-CHILLING IN SEED GERMINATION PARAMATERS OF RADISH (Raphanus sativus) IN LABORATORY CONDITION" was conducted at Central AgriculturalLaboratory, Harihar Bhawan, Lalitpur. The main objective of this research was to study the effect of different durations of pre-chilling in germination parameters of Raphanus sativuscv Mino Earlyand to find the duration of the pre-chilling period which gives optimum results. 5 treatments consisting of 5 different pre-chilling days with 4 replications of each was performed. This experimentconsisted of a total of 2,000 freshly harvested Raphanus seeds.  The seeds of 100 in each replication were plated in germination paper by between the paper (BP) method of germination. Pre-chilling was conducted by keeping seed in the freezer at a constant temperature of 6±2ºC for 5 different days(0day, 3days, 5days, 7days, 10days) and after prechilling it wastransmitted to the seed germinator at a constant temperature of 20±2ºC as recommended by International Seed Testing Associationrules- for the germination test. Data was collected on 4^th,7^th, and 10^th day after shifting the samples to theseed germinator. The collected data wascompiled by using the MS Excel program and subjected to analysis of variance as per the procedures given in the R-Studio statistical computer package for the completely randomized design. Least Significant Difference(LSD)was used to study mean separations.From the study, it was observed that 5 daysand7 daysof pre-chilling on seed yielded the highest germination percentage of 0.94. 5days pre-chilling also achieved the highest mean germination rate of 4.110, followed closely by 10 days pre-chilling at 4.105, and both 7 days pre-chilling and the controlat 4.104. In terms of germination rates, 5 days pre-chilling recorded the highest at 44.748, whilethe control treatment had the lowest at 35.654. Germination energy was highest in both 5 days and 7 days pre-chilling each showing a value of 892.5, whereas the control treatment exhibited the lowest energy at 710.0. In addition, higher vigor index i.e. 18.06 was observed after 5 days of  treatment, significantly outperforming control, which had the lowest vigor index of 11.81. These findings indicate that 5 days of pre-chilling durations enhance seed germination characteristics also providing the most beneficial outcomes.